Chapter 2
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Line Breaks & Horizontal Rules

As you have already seen, the browser will automatically show each new paragraph or heading on a new line.
But if you wanted to add a line break inside the middle of a paragraph you can use the line break tag .

Example

HTML	Result
< p> The Earth < br /> gets one hundred tons heavier every day < br /> due to falling space dust. < /p>	The Earth gets one hundred tons heavier every day due to falling space dust.

To create a break between themes — such as a change of topic in a book or a new scene in a play — you can add a horizontal rule between sections using the < hr /> tag.
There are a few elements that do not have any words between an opening and closing tag. They are known as empty elements and they are written differently.
An empty element usually has only one tag. Before the closing angled bracket of an empty element there will often be a space and a forward slash character. Some web page authors miss this out but it is a good habit to get into.

HTML	Result
< p>Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise.< /p> < hr /> < p>Jupiter is bigger than all the other planets combined.< /p>	Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise. Jupiter is bigger than all the other planets combined.

HTML

Result

Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise.
< hr />
Jupiter is bigger than all the other planets combined.

Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise.

Jupiter is bigger than all the other planets combined.